POLICE TELECOMMUNICATIONS
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1. INTRODUCTION
All of us are already aware that today, when we are at the threshold of 21st Century, the world is witnessing a revolution which we call information revolution, type of which was witnessed by the civilization in respect of agricultural revolution which was based on land then the industrial revolution which was on capital. The world is fact moving from a stage where the size and complexity of information and communication systems will be the barometer of a country’s development. Although the fall out of industrial revolution was to force people to come out from villages to towns, the information revolution, as we are witnessing currently, is expected to generate the reverse trends.
As matter of fact, the information revolution is bringing the world community to a point where the idea of a global village has almost a reality, thanks to the revolutionary development in the field of telecommunications, computers and very high speed switching technologies.
2. TELECOMMUNICATIONS IN ARUNACHAL PRADESH POLICE
Arunachal Pradesh is strategically located in the extreme North-East corner of India and theroad network has not yet been fully developed. Even now, there are some Circle Head Quarters, which can be reached only after 2 to 10 days foot march.
There are 15 District Head Quarters, 3 ADC head Quarters, 38 SDO Head quarter, 59 EAC Head quarters and 149 Circle Headquarters in the State of Arunachal Pradesh. There are 71 Police Stations, 11 Out Posts and 24 CheckGates.
The department of Telecommunication (Dot) network is grossly inadequate and telephone facilities are available only at few places. The DOT network for interior areas of the state is not reliable and hence Police Wireless is the only channel of Communication, for law and order, as well as for State Government Administration.
Arunachal Pradesh Police came into existence on 8th Nov’1972. The capital was shifted from Shillong to Itanagar in 1974. Arunachal Pradesh Police Telecommunication network was started by installing two HF stations for communication between Shillong and Itanagar.
The Police Telecommunication network is also catering to the needs of civil Administration and 60% of the total traffic pertains to message of civil administration. Moreover, during any exigency due to natural calamity, fire accident etc. APP establishes temporary network for speedy execution of relief, evacuation and help. Thus Arunachal Pradesh Police Telecommunication network has an important role in the functioning of Civil Administration. Presently we are dealing with about twelve crore groups (words) of messages per annum, out of which about eight crore groups (words) of messages are from other Government Departments.
The development works undertaken by the State Government through its Department like PWD/DRDA/Health/Education, etc. are carried out in remote areas, where is no public facility for communication. Obviously all departments depend on Police Wireless network. Hence in absence of smooth functioning of Police wireless net work, developments works can be executed smoothly.
However, no charges are being levied for the services rendered by Telecom net work to all government department, CRFPF is also maintaining WT communication at some location and is charging for each communication at the rates applicable for express telegram, which is one rupee for each word.
Thus, APP is shaving the State Government about eight crore Rupees per annum for transmission / receipt of non-police messages of various department of Government of Arunachal Pradesh.
There are 19 stations with HF sets only, 29 Station with VHF Sets onl;y and 70 Station have both HF & VHF Sets. We are providing WT Communication facility at 19 locations, which do not have any Police, presence (CI/EAC Locations / DRC / LO Locations).
We have provided WT sets at all locations which have police presence in some form or ther other (Police Stations, Out Posts, Check gate). There are 56 Administration locations which are not yet covered by APP Telecom Network.
3. APP TELECOM EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES
APP Telecom organization is having the following type of equipments for voice / data communication.
A HF Communication (Continuous wave / voice mode):- APP Telecom unit is maintaining 89 HF Stations, PHQ Control room is linked to all DHQ and most of the Police Station and a few Civil administrative locations. It suffers from the following limitations:-
a) Cost of the equipment / maintenance is too high and required skilled technology has become obsolete in most of the Police organization of India.
b) HF Communication is based on More methodology and this technology has become obsolete in most of the Police organization of India.
c) CW communication is the most unsecured communication as because any trained personnel can interrupt it.
d) CW communication mainly depend on ionosphere, hence its communication varies with the variation of atmosphere.
B) All DHQ have been linked with PHQ Control Room for data transmission / reception. It can work on both HF as well as VHF with the help of respective modem. Presently, we are using HF media for Data Communication. Though, it has been found most satisfactory BEST communication over its security, speed, it suffers from following limitations :-
a) The cost of equipment / accessories are very high.
b) The memory is less and hence limited number of messages can be stored.
c) It requires operator presence / intervention during transmission.
C) VHF (voice) communication – APP Telecom organization is maintaining 99 VHF stations. Static sets have been installed at these locations and required sets have been fixed in the Police mobile and security vehicles.
The VHF Communication system is more reliable than the HF Communication system. The HF communication mainly depends upon the atmosphere condition and the ionosphere in the space with changes its density and height ( with respect to Earth) vary frequently, hence the HF signal conditions also vary in accordance with the positions of the ionospheric layers in the space as such signal strength of the HF voice communication system is not reliable. Whereas the frequency band i.e. from 30 MHz to 300 MHz that is called very high frequency band is a line of sight (LOS) Communication from which the signal strength is not affected even if the atmosphere conditions are changing. The Cost of VHF set is very cheap in comparison to HF set i.e. Rs. 15,000.00 against HF set of Rs. 2,40,000/-
4. MODERNIZATION PROJECT
A. VHF NETWORK
FOR DATA/VOICE COMMUNICATION USING REPEATERS.
The range of VHF communication can be increased by installing repeater stations. With the help of repeater stations, we can also avoid so many obstacles within the LOS. It has been observed that the quality of signal even after 4 hope (repetitions), the signal found good and readable and data can also be transmitted by using VHF modem at both ends.
Extensive surveys have been carried out for identification of repeater spot throughout the Arunachal Pradesh and at DRC / LO locations in Assam / Meghalaya. Sela top / Thingbu ( for Tawang), Bomdila Hill top (for West Kameng / Tawang), Trizino / Bameng (for East Kameng), Tezpur (for Bomdila / Seppa /Tawang), Darira Hill (for Papumpare and Central repeater station for all DHQ), Raga (for Lower Subansiry / Uppersubansiri/ Kurung Kumey), Sago (for West Siang), Old Palin / Chamband (for Kurung Kumey), Manamao / Khimiyong (for Changland ), Mariang for Yingkiong, Namsai for Lohit, SP resident Khonsa for Tirap, Ruksin for East Siang have been identified for installation of repeater stations. The following are the main objectives :-
1. Intra-district VHF Communication :- SP’s can speak with all OCs, I/C Check Gates.
2. DHQ to PHQ and vice-versa :- PHQ to be linked to 56 PS out of 69 PS.
3. Border Communication (inter-district / intra State)
4. Mobile Communication can be covered at any place during movement of VVIP/VIP/Higher official.
5. Top management network in capital complex.
6. Local Communication for L/O arrangements.
After completion of VHF Communication survey throughout the State the organizations could achieved the following works :-
1. Intra – district VHF Communication through repeater in (a) Papumpare district (b) Tirap (c) Chyangland (d) Lohit (e) West Kameng (f) West Siang.
2. Inter – District VHF Communication through repeater in (a) Khonsa (b) Bomdila (c) Ziro (d) Roing (e) Pasighat.
Rest could not be achieved due to non-availability of equipments / infrastructural support / manpower.
B.
COMPUTER BASED AUTOMATIC MESSAGE SWITCHING SYSTEM (AMSS)
In order to cater the requirement of transmission / reception of messages of all departments of government of A.P, Telemax system developed by M/S WEBFIL Kolkata (Govt. of India Undertaking) was installed earlier in APP Telecommunication.
TELEMAX is a dual microprocessor based message communications system with message concentration / switching facilities. The system can be hooked up with VHF/HF/RS232C based terminals and even telephones through modems. This ensure 100 percent efficient and noiseless transmission of error free messages at very high speed through out communication network, for 24 hours a day, even when operators are off. Easy to use PCs are provided at remote points.
The system consists of centrally located microprocessors with terminals (PCs) at the various remote communication channels of the P & T, Viz Leased Tele Printer Circuit / VHF of HF Nets.
Message are received, stored in hard dist of the system and transmitted later to the dest9inations whenever the outgoing channels are free. This eliminates the process of manual sorting and delivery of messages at transshipment points.
The messages are entered through keyboards under an easy to understand format, containing the destinations addresses and priority code of message. Messages received in the system fall into a queue according to priority, are stored and sent to destinations as soon as the lines are free. And acknowledgment is also sent to the originator from the destination station with Time and Date Stamp, thus increasing reliability and administrative efficiency.
Battery operated Data entry terminals and VHF modems can be provided to remote locations for connecting to AMDD through HF and VHF modems. Government Departments having substantial traffic can also opt for terminals at their offices for connecting to AMSS from PHQ or District Headquarters through line modem.
The system also envisages linkage to DCPW network through ISPW station at Naharlagun and linking all NCRB Computers installed at District Head Quarters. With PHQ State Crime Record Bureau and with each other.
The system, however, at present not working in APP due to some technical and administrative problems. Efforts are being made to make it functional .
C. PAGING SYSTEM FOR SB/SECURITY IN CAPITAL COMPLEX.
The System, at present, not working due to some technical and administrative problem.
D. SATELLITE TELEPHONE :-
E. INTERNET :-
F. POLNET :- The DCPW, MHA Govt. of India has embarked upon a modernization plan by way of communication through satellite. It is one of the most reliable modes of communication as the satellite iis accessible from any place in the country. This has now become feasible on account of the indigenous availability of satellite transponders and the relevant ground equipment, such as HUB, V-SAT (Very Small aperture terminal) which are capable of providing connectivity on voice / DATA / FAX.
The project envisages installation of Central HUB, at New Delhi which will provide necessary switching and control for the entire network in the country. A hybrid V-SAT shall be installed at each State Capital (Mesh network) and a small V-SAT should be installed at DHQ (State network) for direct connectivity throughout the country on voice / Data / Fax. The Police Stations shall be linked with V-SAT (DHQ) with the help of MART (through EPBAX), thus any PS of the country shall have access to the information on crime, criminal and intelligence, ect of any other PS in the country.
Under this scheme, APP Telecom organization has been provided 12 V-SAT (for DHQ) and 67 MART (for PS)
So far we have received POLNET equipments at four locations (Pasighat, Daporijo, Itanagar, Khonsa ) Detail note on POLNET also enclosed (Annexure –A).
POLNET (POLICE NETWORK)
Due to the considerable increase in the size of wireless network, it has been felt necessary to upgrade the wireless network to meet up the increasing requirements reducing the delay in transmission by avoiding re-transmission and using high speed switching systems as far as practicable. The present system also lacking in long distance voice connectivity which was considered of utmost important for police activities.
In 1988, the Govt. of India constituted an updating committee to suggest ways and means for improving the Police Telecommunication in the country. This Committee recommended direct connectivity of PSs, DHQs Range HQs, State Capitals with each other on voice / Data / Fax through a dedicated network for police.
With the availability of low cost indigenous V-Sat terminals, the POLNET scheme was proposed and is being implemented by hiring a satellite transponder from DOT for the police. The project will involve hiring of a satellite transponder from DOT for the police. The project will involve hiring of a satellite transponder from the DOT, installation of one Earth station (Hub) in New Delhi and 833 V-sats at State Capitals / District HQs / CPMFs location to provide for direct communication with each other on voice / Data /Fax. 40 V-sat terminals are proposed to be of higher capacity (3.8 meter antenna ) to be located at the capitals of each State / UT and other important locations like MHA, NCRB etc. The remaining 793 V-sats are to be installed at each DHQ, the selected location of the CPMF, that is the BSF, CRPF, ITBP, CISF and AR.
Considering the large network size, small TDM/TDMA Vsats are proposed at DHQ with voice and data ports. State HQ and National HQ shall be equipped with large Vsat which can support both TDM/TDMA/SCPC/DAMA scheme and mesh connectivity for circuit mode services. The connectivity from DHQ to PS / Police post will be extended through local radio networking using MART system.
The polnet is a satellite based integrated network independent of DOT for modernization of Police Telecommunication of the country, which envisages installation of 833 Vsat plus11,502 MART in order to integrate police communication of the country leading to a PS to PS dialing system to have voice / data / fax transmission capability and to have a computer networking to interlink NCRB computers given to various state HQs/DHWQs.
Vsat is an intelligent small satellite earth station suitable for easy on premises installation normally operating in conjunction with a large hub earth station. It is capable of supporting a variety of two way communication. Development of Vsat network is a result of simultaneously evolution and successful integration of advances in technologies areas such as packet transmission, switching, efficient multiple access protocol, powerful micro-processor, RF technology, antenna mini-authorization, efficient modem and powerful satellite.
Some important points of V-SAT :-
1. Range of MART = 30 TO 35 KM
2. Space for both ODU & IDU of Vsat be provide by State
3. Towers / Masts at location for installation of RSU antenna.
4. Project span = 2 to 3 years
5. Antenna = 3.8 at State Capital/ National HQ (mesh network)
= 1.8 m for District Headquarters (Star Network)
= 9 m at Hub station.
6. MART frequency = 400 to 500 MHZ (UHF Set of 20 watt)
Cost of project shared by various user agencies are as follows :-
1. 28 State = Rs. 62,72,78,381.00 (to be funded under MPF Scheme)
2. CPMFs =Rs. 9,13,35,742.00
3. DP = Rs. 1,11,12,127.00
4. Other UTs = Rs. 2,94,32,192.00
5. DCPW, MHA
for central Hub &
ISPW Stn, GOI.
Total :- Rs. 97,00,00,000.00
Share of Arunachal Rs. 1,21,57,834.00
Executing Agency Rs. = M/S BEL Banagalore.
V-SAT TERMINALS AT NATIONAL CAPITAL AND STATE CAPITALS
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Our State has been allotted 12 Vsat and 67 MART against the place mentioned below :-
12 VSAT Against DHQ:-
1. Itanagar, 2. Khonsa, 3. Pasighat, 4. Changlang 5. Ziro 6. Tezu
7. Bomdial 8. Tawang 9. Seppa 10.Daporijo 11. Along 12. Roing
Mart against following PS:-
1. Along, 2, Mechuka, 3, Likabali, 4. Basar, 5. Yomcha, 6, Tirbin, 7, Gensi, 8, Kamba , 9, Kayeng, 10, Rumgong, 11, Bomdila, 12, Rupa, 13, Dirang, 14, Kalaktang, 15, Balemu 16, Bhalukpong, 17 Changlang 18, Miao, 19, Jairampur, 20, Bordumsa, 21, Kharsang, 22, Diyun, 23, Vijaynagar, 24, Daporijo, 25, Nacho, 26, Taliha, 27, Dumporijo, 28, Raga, 29 Itanagar, 30 Naharlagun, 31. B/Dewa, 32, Kimin, 33, Balijan, 34, Sagalee 35, Khonsa, 36, Longding 37, Kanubari, 38, Deomali, 39, Lazu 40, Pongchau, 41, Pasighat, 42, Ruksin, 43, Boleng, 44, Anini, 45, Roing, 46, Hunli, 47, Dambuk 48, Seppa, 49 Ciangtajo, 50 Seijusa, 51 Tawang, 52 Lumla, 53, Jang,. 54, Tezu 55, Namsai, 56, Hayuliang, 57 Lekiang, 58 Sonpura 59 Yingkiong, 60,Tuting 61, Jengging 62, Ziro 63, Nyapin, 64 Sangram, 65 Yazali 66 Pumao 67 PHQ,
V-SAT TERMINAL AT DIST / POLICE STATION
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